نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس منابع آب، شرکت آب منطقه ای تهران

2 رئیس بخش آب و محیط زیست امور تحقیق و توسعه مجتمع مس سرچشمه

3 کارشناس بخش آب و محیط زیست امور تحقیق و توسعه مجتمع مس سرچشمه کرمان

چکیده

انسداد خطوط لوله انتقال آب از جمله مشکلاتی است که با ایجاد رسوبات مختلف باعث کاهش آبدهی در پایین دست می گردد. در مطالعه حاضر که با هدف شناسایی و رفع محدودیت ناشی از ایجاد رسوب در خطوط انتقال آب مجتمع سرچشمه انجام گرفت، ابتدا رسوب پدید آمده از طریق آزمایش XRF و XRD شناسایی و سپس با استفاده از غلظت های مختلف 30، 35، 40، 45 و 50 درصد قلیای مناسب هیدروکسید سدیم جهت پاکسازی رسوب اقدام به بهینه سازی گردید. نتایج بدست آمده نشان داد رسوب سخت شده داخل خطوط لوله سولفات کلسیم می‌باشد. نتایج تیتراسیون محلول باقیمانده حاصل از واکنش‌های آزمایشگاهی نیز نشان داد مقادیر 10 تا 21 درصد هیدروکسید سدیم با غلظت30 تا 50 درصد برای جداسازی بیش از 80 درصد رسوب چسبیده به خطوط لوله مصرف می‌شود که این میزان در شرایط واقعی حدود 50 درصد است. همچنین در این تحقیق مقدار بهینه هیدروکسید سدیم برای جدایش کامل رسوب از خطوط لوله حدود 35 درصد طی 72 ساعت تخمین زده شد. با توجه به اینکه در شرایط اجرایی نیاز است غلظت های 50 درصد موجود در بازار جهت رسیدن به مقدار بهینه رقیق سازی شود و از طرفی هیدروکسید سدیم با غلظت 31 درصد در بازار موجود می باشد پیشنهاد گردید جهت عملیات اجرایی حذف رسوب خطوط لوله مس سرچشمه به اراضی پایین دست به جای غلظت بهینه 35 درصد از غلظت 31 درصد موجود استفاده گردد که البته کارایی این مقدار در پاکسازی جداره لوله بیش از 87 درصد تخمین زده شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Chemical removal of calcium sulfate deposits from irrigation water transmission pipelines (Case study: Sedimentation of water transmission line from Sarcheshmeh copper complex tailing dam for agricultural use in downstream areas)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Anita Afkhami 1
  • Mehran Espahbodi 2
  • Farhad Mahmoodi 3
  • Fatemeh Khalili 3
  • Anis Rezvani 3
  • Abolfazl Bayat 3

1 Water resources expert, Tehran Regional Water Company

2 Head of water and environment department of research and development affairs of Sarcheshme copper complex

3 Water and environment department expert for research and development affairs of Sarcheshme copper

چکیده [English]

Clogging and blockage of water transmission pipelines is one of the problems that reduce discharge downstream by creating various sediments. The aim of this study was to identify and remove the constraints caused by sediment in the water transmission lines of Sarcheshmeh copper complex to agricultural lands of downstream areas. First, the formed sediment was identified through XRF and XRD experiments and then optimized by using different concentrations of 30, 35, 40, 45 and 50% sodium hydroxide to remove the sediment. The results of sediment analysis showed that the predominant hardened sediment around the inner wall of the pipelines is calcium sulfate. The results of titration of the remaining solution from laboratory reactions also showed that 10 to 21% of sodium hydroxide with a concentration of 30 to 50% is used to separate more than 80% of the sediment adhering to the pipelines, which is 50% in real conditions. Also, the optimal amount of sodium hydroxide in this study was about 35% in 72 hours for complete separation of sediment from pipelines. However, due to the availability of sodium hydroxide with a concentration of 31% in the market and the no need to dilute its higher concentrations in the operating conditions, the proposed amount of sodium hydroxide for the removal of Sarcheshmeh copper pipeline to downstream 31% with an efficiency of more than 87% estimated.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Sediment removal
  • Calcium sulfate
  • Titration
  • Sodium hydroxide
  • Water transmission lines Summary
Azari Nazemi A S., Kavandi B., Rostgar A. 2016. Investigating the corrosion and sedimentation potential of drinking water sources in Shahrood using sustainability indicators. Journal of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, 22(6), pp. 944-954. ‎(In Persian)
Bijani M., Khamechi A., 2019. Investigating and predicting the potential of corrosiveness and sedimentation in the wastewater transfer pipelines and brain pipes of the wastewater injection well of Veh Veh Desalination Unit. Oil Research, 29(3-98), pp. 119-106. (In Persian)
Khamechi A., Dolat Yari A., Bijani M. 2020. Presenting a method of predicting the formation of mineral sediments related to changes in temperature and pressure of the production well using marching algorithm: a case study of one of the oil wells in the southwest of Iran. Oil Research, 30(5-99), pp. 16-29. (In Persian)
 Rahsepar S., Rezaei M., Shahnazari A., Khaledin M.R., Furqani A. 2019. Water quality in the central Gilan region from the point of view of chemical clogging of drippers. The first national conference on coastal land water resources management, Department of Water Engineering, Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources. (In Persian)
Zamanian M., Fatahi Nafchi R.A. 2014. Comparison of the quality characteristics of water and chemical sediments causing blockage of drippers in drip irrigation systems of the country. Scientific Research Journal of Irrigation and Water Engineering of Iran. 22;4(3), pp.64-75. (In Persian)
TaherPoor kalantari, M.R. 2016. Investigating the causes of outlet clogging in drip irrigation and its relationship with water quality in Rafsanjan and Jahrom regions. Master's Thesis, Department of Irrigation and Development Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University. (In Persian)
Kardan Moghadam H., Akbarpour A., Hosseini Bejd s., Rahimzadeh Kivi. 2016. Optimization of sediment removal process in water supply lines (Case study: Aqueduct of Esfazar village-Serbisheh city. Water and Wastewater Journal, 27(1), pp.93-96.‎ (In Persian)
 Mazloumi S., Heydari S.A., Mohovi A.H., Nouri Sepehr M., Khodayari M. 2013. Predicting and measuring the amount of deposition in polyethylene pipes using stability and corrosion tests and providing effective solutions. Journal of health and health, 4(2), pp.156-164. (In Persian)
Asian Development Bank. 2006. United Nations Development   Programme, United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific and World Health Organization. Asia water watch 2015: Are Countries in Asia on Track to Meet Target 10 of the Millennium Development Goals? Philippines, World Health Organization, pp17–23.
Bozkurt S., Ozekici B., 2006. The effects of fertigation managements on clogging of in-line
emitters. Journal of Applied Sciences, 6(15), pp. 3026-3034
 Dehghani M., Tex F., Zamanian Z. 2010. Assessment of the Potential of Scale Formation and Corrosivity of Tap Water Resources and the Network Distribution System in Shiraz, South Iran. Pakistan Journal, 1;13(2), pp.88-92.
Goodrich J. A., Lykins B.W., Haught R.C., Li S.Y. 1999. Providing Safe Drinking Water in Small Systems. In: Bag Filtration for Small Systems. Washington DC: Lewis Publisher, pp.265–272.
Hills D. J., Nawar F M., Waller P. M. 1989. Effects of chemical clogging on drip-tape
irrigation uniformity. Transactions of ASAE, 32(4), pp.1202-1206.
Liu H., Huang G. 2008. Laboratory experiment on drip emitter clogging with fresh water and treated sewage effluent. Agricultural Water Management, 96(5), pp. 745-756.
 Lowental R., Morison I., Wentzel M., 2004. Control of corrosion and aggresion in drinking water system. Water Science & Technology, 49(2), pp.9-18.
 Pitts D.J., Hamman D.Z., Smajstrla A.G.1990. Causesand Prevention of Emitter Plogging in Microirrigation Systems", University of florida. Bulletin, 258.
Silva P.F.D., Matos R.M.D., Lima S.C.D., Dantas J., Lima. V.L.A.D.2017. Obstruction and uniformity in drip irrigation systems by applying treated wastewater. Revista Ceres, 64, pp.344-350.
Wasco J.L., Alquist F.N. 1946. Chemical Removal of Calcium Sulfate Scale. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry, 38(4), pp.394-397.
Yao C., Zhang L., Wu P., Liu Y., Cai Y., and Zhou W. 2021. Clogging formation and an anti-clogging method in subsurface irrigation system with porous ceramic emitter. Agricultural Water Management, 1 (250), 106770.