نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار پژوهشی بخش تحقیقات حافظت خاک و آبخیزداری، مرکز تحقیقات، آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی کرمان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرمان، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه پژوهشی مهندسی حفاظت خاک و آب، پژوهشکده حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

3 3- محقق بخش تحقیقات حافظت خاک و آبخیزداری، مرکز تحقیقات، آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی کرمان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی،

4 محقق بخش تحقیقات حافظت خاک و آبخیزداری، مرکز تحقیقات، آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی کرمان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی،

چکیده

یکی از مهمترین اشکال فرسایش آبی که باعث تخریب گسترده زمین می‌شود فرسایش خندقی است که در اقلیم‌های مختلف شدت آن نیز تغییرات زیادی دارد. در این پژوهش لایه‌های اطلاعاتی عوامل محیطی مانند نوع خاک، سنگ شناسی، کاربری اراضی، NDVI، بارش، تراکم آبراهه، فاصله از آبراهه و نوع اقلیم با استفاده از GIS برای حوزه آبخیز سراب هلیل استان کرمان به دست آمدند. سپس با استفاده از روش PCA مهم‌ترین عوامل محیطی مؤثر شناسایی شدند و در نهایت نیز با استفاده از مدل بیشینه آنتروپی نقشه مناطق مستعد فرسایش خندقی به دست آمد. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد که مهمترین عوامل محیطی تأثیر گذار در فرسایش خندقی در منطقه مورد مطالعه نوع اقلیم، سنگ شناسی، بارش و نوع خاک می‌باشند. نقشه مناطق مستعد فرسایش خندقی عوامل محیطی نیز نشان داد که عوامل محیطی در شرق و جنوب و جنوب شرقی دارای اثرات بیشتری در کاهش فرسایش خندقی می‌باشند و به سمت مرکز حوزه و شمال و غرب حوزه فرسایش خندقی افزایش می‌یابد و اثرات عوامل محیطی در افزایش فرسایش خندقی بیشتر می‌شود. همچنین مساحت زیر منحنی ROC (AUC) در حالت‌های واسنجی مدل بیشینه آنتروپی 861/0 و در حالت اعتبار سنجی مدل بیشینه آنتروپی 837/0 به دست آمد. بنابراین مدل بیشینه آنتروپی عملکرد مناسبی برای پیش بینی مناطق مستعد فرسایش خندقی از خود نشان داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the performance of the entropy maximum model in determining the importance of effective environmental factors in creating gully erosion in semi-arid areas

نویسندگان [English]

  • hamzeh saeediyan 1
  • kourosh shirani 2
  • afshin salajegheh 3
  • ramin ahmadi 4

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research, Kerman Agricultural and Natural Resource Research Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Kerman, Iran.

2 Associate Professor, Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran

3 Researcher, Department of Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research, Kerman Agricultural and Natural Resource Research Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Kerman, Iran.

4 Researcher, Department of Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research, Kerman Agricultural and Natural Resource Research Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Kerman, Iran.

چکیده [English]

One of the most important types of erosion that causes widespread land degradation is gully erosion which has many changes in different climates. In this study, environmental factors such as soil type information layers, Lithology, land use, NDVI, precipitation, Drainage density and distance to drainage and climate type were obtained using GIS for Sarab Halil watershed of Kerman province. Then, using PCA method, the most important environmental factors were identified and finally, using entropy maximum model, the map of the areas prone to gully erosion was obtained using environmental factors. The results showed that the most important environmental factors affecting gully erosion in the study area are climate, lithology, precipitation and soil type. Map of susceptible areas of gully erosion to environmental factors showed that environmental factors in east, south and southeast have more effects on reducing gully erosion and increase to the center of watershed and north and west of the watershed and the effects of environmental factors in increasing gully erosion increase. Meanwhile, the AUC in calibration modes of entropy maximum model was 0.861 and in validation mode was 0.837. Therefore, the entropy maximum model showed excellent ability to predict prone areas to gully erosion and the model is assumed to be excellent.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Keywords: Sarab Halil
  • Environmental factors
  • Modeling
  • Gully erosion
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