نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت و کنترل بیابان، گروه بیابان‌زدایی، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم زمین، دانشگاه کاشان، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه بیابان‌زدایی، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم زمین، دانشگاه کاشان، ایران

3 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد جنگل‌داری، گروه جنگل‌داری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ساری، ایران

4 دانش‌آموخته دکتری، گروه آبخیزداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه یزد، ایران

5 دانشجوی دکتری آبخیزداری، گروه آبخیزداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم زمین، دانشگاه کاشان، ایران

چکیده

خشک‌سالی یکی از مزمن‌ترین ناپایداری‌های محیطی است که اثرات زیست‌محیطی گسترده دارد. در این پژوهش به ارزیابی نمایه بارش استاندارد شده (SPI) در مقیاس (SPI3, SPI6, SPI12) براساس داده‌های بارش و دما در ایستگاه سینوپتیک کاشان برای دورۀ آماری 1970-2019 پرداخته شده است. به‌منظور بررسی روند از آزمون من-کندال و پتی استفاده شده است. طبق نتایج در ایستگاه کاشان از سال 1992 تا سه ماهۀ اول 1994 با 27 ماه دارای بیش‌ترین تداوم دورۀ ترسالی و سال‌های 2015 تا 2018 دارای بیش‌ترین تداوم خشک‌سالی بود. نتایج آزمون من-کندال برای پارامتر مجموع بارش ماهانه و سالانه، روند نزولی معنی‌دار بارش را در ماه دسامبر نشان داد. برای پارامترهای دمای حداکثر، دمای حداقل و دمای متوسط نیز روند نزولی معنی‌دار میانگین دمای متوسط را در ماه‌های آپریل، اگوست و نوامبر نشان داد. سری‌های زمانی پارامترهای دمای حداقل و دمای حداکثر نتایج مشابهی را نشان داد به‌طوری‌که این پارامترها در اغلب ماه‌ها دارای روند همگن بودند. البته این روند برای سری زمانی دمای حداکثر در ماه مارس ناهمگن و در سطح اطمینان 5 درصد نیز معنی‌دار بود. آزمون پتی برای پارامتر دمای میانگین نتایج متفاوتی را نشان داد و سری‌های زمانی برای این پارامتر در ماه‌های آپریل، ژوئن، ژولای، اگوست، سپتامبر، نوامبر و در مقیاس سالانه روند ناهمگنی داشت. به‌طور کلی می‌توان اذعان نمود آگاهی از روند و ویژگی‌های خشک‎سالی نقش مهمی در مدیریت مناطق خشک دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) to identify drought in selected station of the Salt Lake watershed

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahdieh Afsharinia 1
  • fatemeh panahi 2
  • esmaeil arab momeni 3
  • mohammah hossein nassajian 4
  • seyed meysam davoodi 5

1 PhD student, Department of Desertification, Faculty of Natural Resources and Earth Sciences, Kashan University, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Desertification, Faculty of Natural Resources and Earth Sciences, Kashan University, Iran

3 Master's degree student, Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, Sari University, Iran

4 PhD student, Department of Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Yazd University, Iran

5 PhD student, Department of Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Earth Sciences, Kashan University, Iran

چکیده [English]

Drought is one of the most chronic environmental instabilities that has extensive environmental effects. In this research, the evaluation of standardized precipitation index (SPI) based on precipitation and temperature data in Kashan synoptic station for the statistical period of 2019-1970 has been done. In order to check the trend, Mann-Kendall and Pettie tests were used. According to the results in Kashan station, from 1992 to the first quarter of 1994, with 27 months, it had the longest drought period and from 2015 to 2018, it had the longest drought period. The results of the Mann-Kendall test for the parameter of total monthly and annual precipitation showed a significant downward trend of precipitation in December. For the parameters of maximum temperature, minimum temperature and average temperature, the average temperature showed a significant downward trend in the months of April, August and November.The time series of minimum temperature and maximum temperature parameters showed similar results, so that these parameters had a homogeneous trend in most months. Of course, this trend for the maximum temperature time series in March was heterogeneous and significant at the 5% confidence level. The Pettie test for the average temperature parameter showed different results, and the time series for this parameter in the months of April, June, July, August, September, November and on an annual scale had a heterogeneous trend. In general, it can be acknowledged that the awareness of the process and characteristics of drought plays an important role in the management of dry areas.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Temporal analysis
  • Mann-Kendall test
  • Tarsali
  • precipitation data
  • dry areas
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